Kite Runner Essay

In The Kite Runner, there are many examples of cruelty towards either the characters or their race as a whole. Two examples of cruelty include when the Afghanistan soldiers pick on Hassan, and one of them states that he has had sex with Hassans’ mother, and the other example is Amir setting up Hassan for stealing, in order to get rid of him. In the first example, the soldiers refer to Hassan as â€Å"You! The Hazara! † The lack of a noun here, i. e. Hassan’s name, demonstrates that Hazaras are treated as second class citizens, and aren’t deserving of being called by name. This has the effect of making Hassan appear to be an outcast, and it makes the reader feel sympathy for him, at being treated so harshly. The use of the sexually suggestive hand gesture by the soldier, when he’s making fun of Hassan because he had sex with his mother, again backs up the idea of Hazara’s being second class citizens. The metaphor â€Å"what a tight little sugary cunt she had† is used in a derogatory sense to further emphasise the contempt which Hazara’s had to endure back in 1970 Afghanistan. This achieves the effect of making the reader feel indignant at how Hassan is being treated, and that it is completely unjustified and is basically an advanced form of bullying. When the soldiers address Hassan, one of them says â€Å"Look at me when I’m talking to you! †. This is an imperative sentence, as the soldier is ordering Hassan to look at him, instead of requesting that he does so. The soldier is being demanding due to the fact that he believes his race is the superior race in comparison to the Hazaras, and that Hazaras always have to obey orders given to them, without question. In the second example of cruelty, Amir wonders to himself â€Å"how and when I’d become capable of causing this type of pain† As this is told via a first person perspective, it really helps the reader to understand what Amir is feeling, which emphasises the sense of cruelty, as the character who has committed the cruelty himself realises what he has done. Also, as he is speaking the past tense, with the use of the word â€Å"When†, it suggests that he wants to know what changed him to be so cruel. The use of the simple sentence â€Å"That was when I understood the depth of the pain I had caused†, is a great way of displaying the cruelty which Amir has shown in setting Hassan up for stealing his watch and money, and the sentence after it â€Å"not even Ali’s paralysed face could mask his sorrow† ,also helps to show this. These two simple sentences suggest that Amir realises that there is no justifying what he has done, that all he feels is relentless guilt, and that there is no other way of evaluating his decision. In conclusion, these two examples are strong demonstrations of the cruelty displayed in the Kite Runner, as they cover racism, which is shown in the first example, and in the second example, the words used e. g. â€Å" depth of the pain I had caused† clearly display Amir’s feelings of cruelty at what he himself has done.

Advocacy Role paper

Advanced practice nurse's are reimbursed at a lower rate for the same services than physicians by Medicare, Medicaid and other private insurance companies. American medical association sets our scope of practice and regulations and legislation is often influenced by these recommendations. Advanced practice nurses should be consider as equal members of the healthcare provider community and receive equal reimbursement. To make these changes one must develop a plan and advocate for the profession.Advanced practice nurses are reimbursed at a lower rate, for the same services, than physicians. Medicare reimburses nurse practitioners at 85%, certified nurse midwives at 65 %, and physician assistants at 85% or less of the physician fee. The exception to the reimbursement rate is called the â€Å"incident to†. Medicare will reimburse at 100% if billed under a physician provider number. Medicaid pays 75-100% of the physician fee with the exception of some rural areas. Private insurance companies reimbursement to advanced practice nurses policies vary state to state.In an attempt to find ways to decrease cost, private insurance companies are beginning to follow Medicare's reimbursement policies. For advanced practice nurses the reimbursement policies vary according to state, company, and licensure, and are not equitable to physician reimbursement. This issue is being buried by the American Medical Association. The Affordable care Act addressed the reimbursement of physicians but APN were not mentioned. 1997 budget act is the last legislation passed that addressed reimbursement for advanced practice nurses.This act decided that advanced practice nurses are entitled to reimbursement. The legislators in Tennessee at that time voted for or against the act. This issue has not been addressed since then which could say that this is not a priority for the state. It could be the increae cost related to increased reombursement that keeps them from pushing the issue. The aff ordable Care Act addressed Medicare reimbursement but did not adress APN's specifically. The govener of Tennessee opted out of taking the money for the state. The federal govt. as to except the cost and reimburse at 100% this could have impacted advanced practice nurses in a positive way. As it stands This issue needs to be addressed with more impact especially after the affordable care and patient protection act. Nurse practitioners will be a solution of the problem and will want to be reimbursed according to care not license. Reimbursement of care provided by advanced practice nurses should equal physicians because they are providing the same service with equal or better outcomes.In a study done by Laurent, Herman, Reeves, Braspenning, ; Spinbald, â€Å"The findings suggest that appropriately trained nurses can produce as high quality care as primary care doctors and achieve as good health outcomes for patients. † Naylor and Kurtzman found that Nurse Practitioners â€Å"ou t performed physicians in easures of consultation time, patient follow-up and patient satisfaction. â€Å"(Naylor ; Kurtzman, 2010). A 2002 report to Congress by the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission, however, was unable to tind reliable data to discern clear ditterences in the two groups' outcomes and expenses.

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La ci darem la mano a song fro the opera Don Giovanni Essay

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