aldous huxley :: essays research papers

Aldous Huxley was born in Surrey, England on July 26, 1894 to an illustrious family deeply rooted in England's literary and scientific tradition. Huxley's father, Leonard Huxley, was the son of Thomas Henry Huxley, a well-known biologist who gained the nickname "Darwin's bulldog" for championing Charles Darwin's evolutionary ideas. His mother, Julia Arnold, was related to the important nineteenth-century poet and essayist Matthew Arnold. Raised in this family of scientists, writers, and teachers (his father was a writer and teacher, and his mother a schoolmistress), Huxley received an excellent education, first at home, then at Eton, providing him with access to numerous fields of knowledge. Huxley was an avid student, and during his lifetime he was renowned as a generalist, an intellectual who had mastered the use of the English language but was also informed about cutting-edge developments in science and other fields. Although much of his scientific understanding was superficial—he was easily convinced of findings that remained somewhat on the fringe of mainstream science—his education at the intersection of science and literature allowed him to integrate current scientific findings into his novels and essays in a way that few other writers of his time were able to do. Aside from his education, another major influence on Huxley's life and writing was an eye disease contracted in his teenage years that left him almost blind. As a teenager Huxley had dreamed about becoming a doctor, but the degeneration of his eyesight prevented him from pursuing his chosen career. It also severely restricted the activities he could pursue. Because of his near blindness, he depended heavily on his first wife, Maria, to take care of him. Blindness and vision are motifs that permeate much of Huxley's writing. After graduating from Oxford in 1916, Huxley began to make a name for himself writing satirical pieces about the British upper class. Though these writings were skillful and gained Huxley an audience and literary name, they were generally considered to offer little depth beyond their lightweight criticisms of social manners. Huxley continued to write prolifically, working as an essayist and journalist, and publishing four volumes of poetry before beginning to work on novels. Without giving up his other writing, beginning in 1921, Huxley produced a series of novels at an astonishing rate: Crome Yellow was published in 1921, followed by Antic Hay in 1923, Those Barren Leaves in 1925, and Point Counter Point in 1928.

Mountain Man Brewing Company (MMBC)

1. What is Mountain Man Brewing Company’s positioning relative to its competitors? Mountain Man Brewing Company (MMBC) is a 2nd tier domestic beer manufacturer based out of West Virginia. MMBC is positioned as a leader among local brewers in the East Central region, being one of the four regional breweries still operational in West Virginia. MMBC brews only one type of beer – the Mountain Man Lager, a dark bitter tasting beer. Target market for the product is middle aged men from the blue collared working class. Branding includes an image of coal miners on the bottle suggesting a strong taste and reinforcing target market segments to a niche.The beer sells mainly in off-premise locations. There is no variant of Mountain Man Lager available. Although MMBC is a local brewer it really competes against national brands such as Anheuser Busch and Coors. Priced at the same level as national brands, MMBC’s product is a legacy brew and enjoys high brand awareness in the r egions it sells the beer. The brand also enjoys high brand loyalty in its target market segment against national brands. MMBC has been able to achieve this brand equity without significant spending on traditional advertising but rather pursuing on grass-roots advertising.The company however is losing market share and revenues in line with the lager market. Since MMBC does not manufacture a light variant of its lager product the company has not been able to maintain its profits over the past few years. All its competitors are invested in the light beer segment given this scenario. MMBC has also seen shifting market segments due to an aging initial target market segment. The company is also at the risk of losing distributor loyalty thanks to increasing pressure on distributor margins.Summing it up, MMBC is losing market share due to changes in market dynamics while still seeing significant brand loyalty and awareness in its home turf. 2. What factors have contributed to making MMBC a strong brand? Factors contributing to MMBC’s strong brand image are as follows a. Brand awareness and loyalty Mountain Man lager has a high level of awareness among consumers in its target segments. Being positioned as a strong, bitter tasting beer it resonates with the values of hard working blue collar workers. The brand has seen high consumer loyalty over several years. b. Pin point target marketMMBC has been able to target the Mountain Man Lager brand towards specific market segments and been successful at it. Targeted towards middle aged, low to medium income working men, the brand has been able to deliver value to its consumers. c. Grass-roots marketing MMBC has been able to achieve the brand awareness without spending less than 3% of its revenues on advertising. The sales team has been able to create grass root level awareness by positioning the beer as an off-premises brand and by word of mouth advertising as opposed to traditional advertising. This has enabled MMBC t o reap greater brand commitment from its consumers. . What factors have contributed to the decline of MMBC? Although successful, MMBC has seen a decline in sales in the recent years. The main factors contributing to this decline in sales are a. Shifting market segment Mountain Man Lager’s market segment has started to age and new market segments are beginning to form, especially a younger market segment. This has allowed other brands to target the new younger population with â€Å"light† variants of beers which MMBC has not. Mountain Man Lager does not resonate with the younger population’s tastes as it is a strong, dark beer. . Emerging product segmentation The lager segment has been on the decline for a few years, mostly losing to the â€Å"light beer† segment. Given the rapid growth of the light segment of beer the lager market has been steadily losing market share. The light beer segment has grown 4% annually at the cost of the lager market’s s hare. MMBC has not been able to capitalize on this trend as it does not currently offer a light beer. c. Ineffective advertising Given the younger market segment’s preference to consume beer on-premises, MMBC has been unable to promote its products effectively.National beer brands have been able to splurge on advertising and use lifestyle based advertising apart from on-premises advertising to attract new customers. Given MMBC’s small advertising budget it is an uphill task to promote their brand to newer consumer segments. 4. Assuming the company introduces Mountain Man light. Conduct a 1 year and 2 year analysis for the Mountain Man Light brand? Calculation of Break Even Volumes Required – First Year Breakeven|   | Year 1| Current Revenues of MM Beer| 50,440,000. 00| Projected Revenues of MM Beer Next Year| 49,431,200. 00|Projected Contribution from MM Beer| 15,323,672. 00| Projected Loss of Sales from Introduction of MM Light| 2,471,560. 00| Projected Loss of Contribution from Launch of MM Light| 766,183. 60| # Barrels of MM Light Needed to recover Loss of Contribution | 30,188. 48| Cost of Advertising MM Light| 750,000. 00| Incremental SG&A cost| 900,000. 00| # Barrels of MM Light Needed to recover new Advertising Costs + SG&A| 65,011. 82|   |   | # Barrels of MM Light Needed to Break-Even in First Year| 95,200. 30|   |   | Compared to forecast sales in the first year of | 48,735. 19|   |   |Calculation of Year 2 Volumes (Needed to Calculate the 2-year Breakeven|   |   | Year 2| |   | Projected Revenues of MM Beer Next Year| 48,442,576. 00| Projected Contribution from MM Beer| 15,017,198. 56| Projected Loss of Sales from Introduction of MM Light| 2,422,128. 80| Projected Loss of Contribution from Launch of MM Light| 750,859. 93| # Barrels of MM Light Needed to recover Loss of Contribution | 29,584. 71| Cost of Advertising MM Light| 0. 00| Incremental SG&A cost| 900,000. 00| # Barrels of MM Light Needed to recover ne w Advertising Costs + SG&A| 35,460. 99|   |   | Forecast Sales in Year 2| 101,369. 19|   | Calculation of Break Even Volumes Required – Two Year Breakeven|   |   | Two Years of Lost Contribution | 1,517,043. 53| Initial Advertising Costs (One Time only)| 750,000. 00| Two Years of Incremental SG&A| 1,800,000. 00| Contribution per Barrel of MM Light| 25. 38| # Barrels of MM Light Needed to Break-Even in Two Years| 160,246. 00|   |   | Compared to forecast sales over the first two years of | 150,104. 38|   |   | | | 5. Should MMBC introduce Mountain Man Light? Options Grid| | Option 1| Option 2| Description of Option| Launch Mountain Man Light| Do not launch Mountain Man Light| Benefits of Option| a.Tap into a growing market b. Introduce brand to new market segments c. Retain current distribution network| a. Maintain brand image of Mountain Man Lager b. Risk losing market share further c. Lose out on shelf space in distributor network| Strategic Fit| a. Better long term strategic fit b. Ability to turn things around for the brand c. Will help brand position itself among younger consumer segments d. May induce lower brand alienation in the short term| a. No changes to current fit b. Slowing revenues from product segment c.High brand loyalty| Financial Attractive ness| a. Break even in just over 2 years b. High contribution margins (51%) over the long term compared to main brand c. Exposure to new product segments will ensure continues revenues| a. Falling market share (falling by 2% per annum) b. Long term losses imminent c. Long term advertising budget has to be increased drastically| Noteworthy Risks| a. Revenues fall at 2% per annum for the Mountain Man Lager brand b. No significant changes in market dynamics b. Cannibalization is at 5% c. Growth in market share is at 0. 25% for light brand a. Fall in market share not higher than 4% per annum b. Investment in advertising not increased beyond current levels| Final summary MMBC has to int roduce Mountain Man Light to capture market share in the light segment. Without doing that the company runs the risk of losing market share almost in a guaranteed manner over a period of time if not in an accelerated fashion. MMBC has to capture market share by using traditional advertising although it will lose money over 2 years. However since the contribution margins are larger for the Light brand the losses can be made up from year 3.

Homeless Teenagers A Vulnerable Population - 951 Words

Homeless Teenagers: Vulnerable Population Introduction Homeless teenagers are a vulnerable population that faces many challenges just in terms of daily existence in addition to their overall development in the transitioning to adulthood. Current studies are reported to indicate that the primary cause of homeless among youth is family dysfunction in the form of parental neglect, physical or sexual abuse, family substance abuse, and family violence. (Runway Homeless Youth and Relationship Toolkit, 2009, p.1) Homeless youth are generally defined as an unaccompanied youth ages 12 and older who are without family support and who are living in shelters, on the streets, in cares or vacant buildings and who are couch surfing or living in other unstable circumstances. (Runway Homeless Youth and Relationship Toolkit, 2009, p.1) Son (2002) writes that it is ...unknown how many homeless youth are out there. Most of them are not in the child welfare, juvenile justice, or mental health systems, making it difficult to accurately gather statistical da ta. (p.2) I. Systems Systems that serve the homeless population of teenagers include foster care and juvenile justice ¦ as well as others. (p.210) Youth that become caught up in the justice system face additional challenges due to the requirement to pay restitution or follow rules of probation or parole that restrict their activities. (Osgood, Foster, and Courtney, 2010, p.211) Youth that are physically disabled areShow MoreRelatedDiabetic Care Plan For Diabetes1748 Words   |  7 Pageswith diabetes mellitus type two at the age of thirty two. She is from the African American descent and has been living with this chronic illness since her teenager years. After the family member began to learn about diabetes and the symptoms associated with this disease, she realized some of the symptoms of diabetes was displayed during her teenager years. The family member is willing and eager to learn about diabetes mellitus. She is ready to regain control over her health and find the ways to effectivelyRead MoreDep ression Among The Homeless Community1348 Words   |  6 Pagesto others.† Depression can cause homelessness or vice versa. â€Å"One of the strongest sources of depression among the homeless community [is] their feelings of isolation and loneliness. Feelings of isolation and separation from others† can lead to â€Å"rooflessness, such as parental neglect.† (Philipps, 2012) Depression is a major public health problem, especially for low-income and homeless women. â€Å"Approximately 12% of women from all socioeconomic groups are depressed. This percentage approaches 25% forRead MoreHate Crime upon the Homeless1526 Words   |  6 Pagessociety who are homeless. People who happen to be homeless, by the nature of not having a home are more vulnerable to attacks both verbally and physically. I believe that violence upon homeless individuals is a hate crime because they are targeted specifically because they are homeless, and seen as less important than â€Å"regular† people with homes. These incidents usually involve a younger man or teenager. Most of the homeless victims are also men of an older age. In the cases the homeless victim may beRead MoreThe Care Act For The Asian American Subgroups1629 Words   |  7 Pagesmost reliable people the vulnerable population trust during the time of need. The vulnerable population includes the mentally chal lenged, the unborn, those with few financial or social resources and those with cases as the incarcerated and the immigrants. The nurses also play an important role in promoting social justices. The nurses apply the ethical principles of justice to care for this venerable population with very limited funds. To provide nursing care to this population, nurses avoid to be judgmentalRead MoreThe Effects Of Foster Care And The Abuse Children And Teens Face While Moving Through The Broken System Essay1652 Words   |  7 Pages In order to mend what has been broken, the foster care system needs to reform the way in which they place children with foster families. If the foster care system reformed the screening/eligibility process in favor of what is best for the child/teenager instead of what is most profitable, then it would reduce the likelihood of unfit, unjust people fostering children, because they would be placed with families that could actually take care of them and give them the love they need and deserve. ItRead MoreSocial Development, Political Development And Scientific Development2004 Words   |  9 Pagesthe major cause of death in the 1900 killing a fifth of the world’s population in just one year. Glasgow was the first British city to be affected in May 1918, the next few months it spread all around Britain killing 228,000 people. Influenza did not affect the elderly or those who were sick it was mainly affecting those who were between the ages of 20 and 40 who had good immune systems were the ones who were becoming vulnerable. For example nowadays people are encouraged to get vaccines for fluRead MoreCharacteristics Of Survivors Of Juvenile Sex Trafficking : Implications For Treatment And Intervention Initiatives Essay1680 Words   |  7 PagesIn the article, Characteristics of survivors of juvenile sex trafficking: Implications for treatment and intervention initiatives, the authors conducted the survey to understand what factors could have possibly contributed to th e decision made by teenagers to consider the act of sex trafficking. The belief amongst the authors was that those who have survived juvenile sex trafficking have had experienced some abuse/neglect or even trauma (Hargreaves-Cormany Patterson, 2016, p. 32). Not only are theRead MoreTeenage Moms That Are Still In High School Get Pregnant1391 Words   |  6 Pagespregnant at a young age, and are not able to support themselves or their child. There were just under a quarter million pregnancies in women ages fifteen to nineteen in 2014. About eighty-five percent of these pregnancies are unplanned, which in any population can increase the risk for problems. The biggest risk for teen mothers is delaying prenatal care or worse, about seven percent received no care at all. According to CDC, In 2014, almost 250,000 babies were born to women aged 15–19 years, for a birthRead MoreProstitution : A Feminist Perspective1655 Words   |  7 Pagesservices to assist vulnerable girls and wo men; for example, psychosocial support, financial aid, legal advocacy, and shelter. Covenant Organization is an organization that operates in the United States. The organization serves young individuals between 17 and 21 years who are homeless. The female children, teenagers, and youths who live on the streets are very vulnerable to sexual exploitation. The organization has emergency shelters that are important in protecting the vulnerable children from theRead MoreTaking a Look at Sex Education1727 Words   |  7 Pagesactivity in teenagers (Richard 22). The United States’ of America boasts the highest teen birth rate of any industrialized nation. The teen birthrate in the U.S. is so high that it almost doubles the United Kingdom’s birth rate and is fifteen times greater than the birth rate of Japan (Garth 115). Lakita Garth is a highly reputed speaker on many different issues and is one of the leading abstinence advocates in the United States. Garth explains how on her many visits with pregnant teenagers, she learned

The Impact Of Great Britain On The Industrial Revolution

By Definition, a rapid major change in an economy (as in England in the late 18th century) marked by the general introduction of power-driven machinery, or by an important change in the prevailing types and methods of use of such machines.- Merriam- Webster This definition over simplifies the industrial revolution. In reality the Industrial Revolution was much more complex and encompasses many different aspects. With that said the events that led to the Industrial Revolution were even more complicated. How and why Great Britain was the first to lead the Revolution was multifaceted and involves many aspects of economic and social developments. The predisposition of easily acquired recourse and healthy state politics allowed Great Britain to prosper. A core piece of the Industrial revolution was the advent of new technology. This technology would increase the production and efficiency of all factories. As more and more people flooded the cities and towns the demand for more goods sk yrocketed pushing civilization into a new age. The Industrial Revolution was a cycle that feed itself, with need came technology and with technology came need and through this process arose new society. What led Great Britain to become the first country to star in the Industrial Revolution, comes down to a complex system of factors. Each aspect holds a major role in the contribution in the growth of the Industrial Revolution and of Great Britain. To begin with, for any civilization to develop,Show MoreRelatedThe Industrial Revolution Lead The Foundation For Some Of The Technology892 Words   |  4 PagesThe Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution lead the foundation for some of the technology we have today. It is also created jobs for many, and made small cities double overnight. All those listed makes the Industrial Revolution seem great however it was not all too pleasant and many people from children to adults lost their lives due to this technology boom, over population also happen due to this revolution as well. Thankfully most of the awful things the Industrial Revolution createdRead MoreEssay about Great Britain and the Industrial Revolution830 Words   |  4 PagesGreat Britain and the Industrial Revolution Why did Great Britain lead the Industrial Revolution? The Industrial Revolution of the 18th century changed Europe forever. At the front of this change was Great Britain, which used some natural advantages and tremendous thinking and innovation to become the leader of the Industrial Revolution. First, Britain had some tremendous natural attributes. It was naturally endowed with many deposits of coal and iron ore, which were used heavily inRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution in Europe1217 Words   |  5 PagesInfrastructure, and the economic climate allowed Great Britain to seek new job opportunities and exploit new business ideas. In addition, literacy, public education and the middle class was rising immensely. Concepts like partnerships and selling shares were introduced during this time period. The process of the Industrial Revolution was rapid in Western Europe however, by the 1900 all of Europe was involved. Over all, the effects of the revolution changed the way materials are transported, how productsRead MoreThe Difference Of Interpretation On Coal Industry865 Words   |  4 Pagesgeneration. In other words, great era could bring the honor of history for people. Especially for the industrial past, it is easier to motivate the nostalgic impulse. In Britain, coal re source not only influenced the development of industry and technology, but also improved people’s daily life and their working life in the past. According to research the history of Britain, there are three vital periods about coal industry including industrial revolution in Britain, Victorian Britain and de-industrializationRead MoreThe Invention Of The First Industrial Revolution1391 Words   |  6 PagesThe First Industrial Revolution Envision living in a society dominated by factories that just recently transformed from arable land and farms. Imagine constantly hearing about brand new inventions and ideas that were deemed impossible only a few years ago. Visualize working long hours in cramped factories, in exchange for low pay and contagious diseases. For some people that lived during the age of industrialization, this was their reality of life. During the 18th and 19th century, the world wasRead MoreThe Positives And Cons Of The Industrial Revolution835 Words   |  4 PagesIs the Industrial Revolution as Good as We Think It Is? Bill Gates once said, â€Å"If you go back to 1800, everybody was poor. I mean everybody. The Industrial Revolution kicked in, and a lot of countries benefited, but by no means everyone.† The Industrial Revolution was a period in the 18th century led by Great Britain that had a major influence in agriculture, scientific studies, manufacturing, and transportation. As said by Bill Gates, even though the Industrial Revolution benefited many partiesRead MoreThe Impact of the Napoleonic Wars on Industrialization810 Words   |  4 PagesThe Napoleonic wars did have a large impact on industrialization in Britain, the United States and Europe as a result of realizations and actions taken to better their countries after the Napoleonic wars. Although the Industrial Revolution began in Britain during the 1700s it was boosted in the early 1800s after the Napoleonic wars because of reform that was needed. Industrialization then started spreading throughout Europe and into North Amer ica in the early 1800s. By the mid-1800s industrializationRead MoreThe Impact of The British Revolution on Society Essay example546 Words   |  3 PagesThe British revolution had a great impact on the society. Various complicated machines tools were used in the production and rural-agricultural and commercial society to a progressive rural- industrial society, this period of time old ideas mere modified, not swept away and gradually new ideas took place. This thing helped Britain changing their city life, social class structure, the power of the British nation amongst rest of the world, the production of machinery, and the strength of the economyRead MoreIndustrialization in Great Britain: A New Era951 Words   |  4 Pagesnew beginnings was created when industrialization swept through Great Britain starting in the 1760’s. This vast transition included a change in hand production to machine production, brand new chemical and iron production processes, an improvement in water power, major increases in the use of steam power, the development of machine tools, and the conversion towards coal as the major source of fuel. Not only was â€Å"he Industrial Revolution an evolving transformation in many sectors of the economy† (AtkinsRead MoreIndustrial Revolution Essay1051 Words   |  5 PagesAs the Industrial Revolution took place, many drastic changes†¦ technological, social, economic, and cultural also occurred. The Industrial Age brought about a new order that gave rise to the world of skyscrapers, factories of mass-production, and electronic devices that we are accustomed to today. T he everyday lives of ordinary people underwent a dramatic change for the better. Before the Industrial Age, people lived very simple and hardworking lives. Any food or clothing they had was produced by

The Best Week For Building Educational Success - 1470 Words

The BEST week is the first week of the first year in DCU, it is stands for building educational success, and It is very an important week to recognize the DCU program. In this reflection I will write about the most important things I have learned and also the things I enjoyed it most in the BEST week, which is the information and the knowledge I received, the challenges and the teamwork. Information and knowledge: During the week we had so much information and knowledge about DCU in general and financial in particular. For instance: DCU international center. It is one of the top 50 universities under 50 around the world, which means it is a very strong university. Knowing this information motivate me in somehow and made me feel so proud and it is accomplishment being a part of this program, and I think this will help me to have higher job opportunities in the future. Actually when I went home I got curious to know more about the university so I searched about DCU and I had a look at the DCU website. Not only this, but also the information about our career opportunities like the names of the companies will hire business school international finance graduates. And that has really made me feel secure and my studies will never go in vain. I wrote the company’s names so I do not forget them later and to search about them to know more about what kind of companies I will work on it in the futu re. Also, there was 2nd and the 3rd year students who volunteered their time to help usShow MoreRelatedEssay On Building A Community Of Learners1605 Words   |  7 Pages Building a Community of Learners Melissa Saucier Arkansas State University Building a Community of Learners The idea of developing and implementing professional learning communities to improve schools is a trend across many school districts. The term professional learning communities is utilized to describe every combination of collaboration in relation to education – grade level meetings, department meetings, school district level meetings, and so on. Moreover, the term is used so universallyRead MoreEducational Autobiography Prelude : A Interview With Two Age Group Of People960 Words   |  4 PagesEducational Autobiography Prelude I completed an educational interview with two age group of people. The first age group was 71 years of age and the second age group was 55 years of age. During my interview, I asked each individual several questions concerning their educational experience. ïÆ'Ëœ First age group (71 years of age): During my interview, I asked Mrs. P what was the curriculum like during her school years (I didn’t give her a specific time period. 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The Lottery 3 Essay Research Paper The free essay sample

The Lottery 3 Essay, Research Paper The Lottery, written by Shirley Jackson is a narrative that takes topographic point in a little town of about three hundred occupants. Every twelvemonth on June 27th the townsfolk congregate in a elephantine mass in the center of town, where the lottery takes topographic point. This lottery is a ceremonial in which each household throughout the town is represented by a bantam white piece of paper. The household representatives, who are the caputs of the family, take bends pulling from a box that contains these three hundred pieces of documents. On one of the pieces of paper there is located a black point, marked the old dark by Mr. Summers. This black point indicates the victor of the lottery. The lottery is a ritual that has been around for old ages and old ages and it has developed into a manner of life for the people of the town. We will write a custom essay sample on The Lottery 3 Essay Research Paper The or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When June comes turn overing along everyone is expecting the lottery. Kids fill their pockets full of stones and programs are discussed about doing a new box. They can non wait to go to and eventually acquire it over with. This pulling seems to transform the people. Tension builds before the lottery occurs, but the townsfolk are still able to jest with one another. Tension additions in the narrative when the writer, Shirley Ja ckson, implies to the reader that Mr. Hutchinson has drawn the pronounced paper. We assume he does because he walks up on to the phase with his household and they are so made to pull once more from the worn out black box. Mr. Hutchinson reaches his manus in and catch out a piece with his kids and his married woman following in sequence. The 1 that holds the winning ticket is Mrs. Hutchinson. We learn throughout the narrative that the power and traditional facet of the lottery has easy diminished. In the instance of Mrs. Hutchinson, Clean forgot what twenty-four hours it was. The lottery had been present within the adjacent towns ; nevertheless, the lottery had been ended. The people of the town believed that the box represented tradition and therefore were loath to do another 1. This box is representative of the lottery in that they have both worn down and are in demand of alteration. The lottery is a good illustration of how people conform to the state of affairs that they are put in. Peoples go along with the lottery because in their town it is socially acceptable and is portion of tradition. However, this tradition is get downing to decline and this goes on unnoticed by the townsfolk. They have no guilt or compunction to pick up a stone and whip it at the victor of the lottery.

Cause Of The Culture Wars Essay Example For Students

Cause Of The Culture Wars Essay Even a casual observer of the American culture cannot help but be impressed by the increasing degree of polarization not only of American politics, but of cultural values and even lifestyles and attitudes. There seems to be an endless array of conflict not just minor differences of opinion, but major conflict even resulting in violence and murder. The results seem to be applauded or abhorred depending on whose side you are on. The outcome of this conflict could not be more important it is nothing less than the survival of Western civilization. This is because the roots of this conflict run far deeper than most people realize, and its consequences far more serious. For example, one of the major battlegrounds is over civil rights for homosexuals. On the one side, there are conservatives who claim that homosexuals are seeking special rights and have a gay agenda calculated to secure those special rights. On the other side are liberals who believe that homosexuals are a repressed minority who suffer discrimination and bigotry, and that homosexuals deserve minority status and rights. The liberals who represent that view believe that government should not involve itself in the private lives of individuals, provided it cannot show a compelling state interest in doing so. Many conservatives, on the other hand, believe that the government should be based on a view of governance inspired by their interpretation of Christian culture, rooted in the Bible. Why are the two views at such loggerheads? Why are they willing to fight each other, even to the death?It is because of a basic, fundamental change that has taken place in Western civilization. The change is the result of two technological innovations that have fundamentally changed how Americans and Western societies in general are organized and how these people relate to each other. The first is mass transportation. For the first time in human history, it is possible begin a journey on one continent in the morning and be on another continent in a different part of the world before the sun sets that same day. And at a price that can be afforded by a large percentage of the worlds population. It is also possible to pick up and move on short notice, to follow a career or find more acceptable neighborhoods or living conditions. The second is mass communications, especially worldwide television broadcasting. Again, for the first time in human history, it is possible for an individual to make his voice heard by people around the world, and in so doing, make his opinion known. And every evening, the opinions expressed by ordinary people regarding events that have affected them, are seen and heard by viewers around the world. Again, people living in the poorest villages in India and Africa see these events in a world they have never known before. The results have undermined the very basis on which civilizations have been organized since the first stirrings of civilizations in Mesopotamia and East Asia. For millenia, people have had a commitment to their home town for no other reason than that they were stuck there. They couldnt move. Even if they had the physical means, there was often no job or other economic opportunity that made moving away from the birthplace possible. For this reason, most people were forced to remain in the same community, and few were willing to risk the ire of their neighbors. It was a clear reality that these people would be part of the rest of their lives, and it was vitally important to get along by going along. Now that is no longer the case. Mass transportation has made it possible to change hometowns and find a more workable or pleasant living and working environment. And since people can, they often do. Americans move more frequently with each passing year. The result has been a lack of commitment. Why make an effort to know your neighbors when you are going to be gone in a year or two anyway? Or they may even be gone before you! So why get to know them? Why settle a dispute? Just move away! We no longer have the incentive to settle disputes and go along to get along. So we no longer feel a commitment to our communities, and cheap mass transportation is the reason why. What Causes Cell Phone Radiation and How Does it Effect Your Body? EssayIt is even becoming apparent that the tyrant and his ways of doing things are obsolete. For one thing, the tyrants army can not only destroy the enemy in hours or minutes, but the enemys army can destroy his with similar dispatch. Armies have become so destructive that the most powerful are no longer deployed against each other too much destruction would result. For another, the king cant do anything without all his subjects and his enemies knowing it almost immediately. It is no accident that slavery did not end nor did democracy take root in the world until cheap movable type made printed material and early forms of mass transportation made the wide dissemination of knowlege possible. For a third, cheap mass transportation has made international borders porous and increasingly difficult to control, even to the point of irrelevance in many cases, especially in the third world. Now, with television, the impact of mass communications has become much more dramatic. It is true that a picture is worth a thousand words, and now television brings thirty of them from around the world right into the home every second. The results couldnt have been more dramatic. Now, for the first time, one can watch the governing process in another country as closely as if one were in that country. And all the arguments and ideas are heard and understood, even when they reflect poorly on that tired old patriarchial tyrant and his minions. But the old order is having none of it. Among the conservatives, there is a firm belief in the rightness of the old patriarchy. One hears the slogans: My country right or wrong, my country, a womans place is in the home, keep em at home, barefoot and pregnant! And for Gods sake keep em out of the military! There are serious proposals being floated to control the content of television, even though as satellite technology progresses, the ability to control that content erodes. This erosion played no small part in the collapse of the thoroughly patriarchial Soviet empire. The patriarchy isnt giving up easily. It uses all the old justifications, whether they are relevant or not, whether they are true or not. And often, the principal justification is an old one indeed religion. We even see the spectacle of serious proposals for the American army being increased in size and influence when no credible threat to America remains, and for the American nation, founded on secular democracy, to be turned into a theocracy, with an old-style patriarchial religion in charge!The more the old patriarchists feel threatened, the more they retreat into the old time religion. It justifies their fears and their prejudices. It makes repression acceptable, because it is for God (often Jesus) and king (America was founded on Christian principles!). Thus, that which was originally invented to support the patriarchial order becomes its principal justification!So here is the basis of the culture war. The millenia-old patriarchial order says its this way because it is natural and God ordained it this way and women and minorities saying we are oppressed and we demand to be heard and our rights honored. Neither side is willing to concede to the other. But neither side has all the answers to the problems that Western civilization faces. The rebelling minorities certainly do not have the answers to the inevitable conflicts that will and are arising between themselves. The patriarchialists ideas were founded on a myth and cant survive the intense scrutiny of the new media of idea exchange. So the war begins. On its outcome, hang the fate of Western societies. Get it right, and we will have a more honorable and just society, based on genuine equality in which the concept of self determination is truly honored. Get it wrong, and we will enter a new dark age, based on ruthless repression and rejection of technologies and ideas that have unquestionably been liberating. Which side are you on?